Satkhira, Bangladesh – Soft-shell crab farming has emerged as a promising export opportunity for Bangladesh, fostering economic growth and generating employment in the coastal communities. Entrepreneurs and local fish farmers in the south-western district of Satkhira are increasingly embracing large-scale soft-shell crab farming, responding to surging international demand in markets including Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Taiwan, and Thailand.
Soft-shell crab farming differs significantly from traditional crab farming. Farmers in this method collect crabs from natural sources and closely monitor them. When the crabs naturally molt and replace their old hard exoskeletons (shells), they are transferred from saline water to boxes filled with pure drinking water, facilitating the soft-shell stage.
The cultivation of a specific type of crab primarily for export has led to a thriving industry. Soft-shell crabs are sold in the wholesale market at prices ranging from Tk 350 to Tk 800 per kg, depending on their sizes. This endeavor has not only boosted local economies but has also attracted external entrepreneurs, with many establishing crab farms in the region.
The number of crab enclosures in Satkhira has seen substantial growth over the years. From 364 in FY2014-15, the count reached 380 in FY2015-16, and by 2016-17, the number escalated to 452. Farmers in areas such as Shyamnagar, Debhata, Kaliganj, Ashashuni, and others within Satkhira have employed diverse techniques for crab farming. Additionally, crabs are also sourced naturally from the Sundarbans and neighboring areas.
While soft-shell crab farming has brought economic prosperity, there are environmental concerns. Excessive collection of crabs and other fish fry from the Sundarbans and natural sources is viewed as a threat to the environment and biodiversity in the world’s largest mangrove forest.
Despite the challenges, the industry continues to grow, creating fresh employment opportunities and attracting new farmers. Authorities are taking measures to provide guidance and suggestions for crab farming, including the establishment of a crab hatchery in Cox’s Bazar. This initiative aims to promote local crab farming
252 hectares of land in Satkhira are currently dedicated to crab farming. Approximately 32,000 local individuals are engaged in the industry. Last year, the district produced 1,934 tonnes of crab, with 90% of soft-shell crabs being exported to various countries.
The rise of soft-shell crab farming in Bangladesh underscores the country’s capacity to tap into new export markets, stimulate local economies, and address employment needs. However, it also highlights the importance of responsible environmental practices in the face of increasing demand. Stay tuned for further developments in this dynamic industry.
