In a landmark achievement that boosts India’s mariculture sector, the ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), Kochi, has successfully developed the seed production technology for two high-value marine fish species—the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) and the pink ear emperor (Lethrinus lentjan). These species, known for their high demand in international markets, are set to enhance India’s position as a key player in global marine fish production.
This accomplishment builds on the institute’s earlier success in developing the seed production technology for cobia (Rachycentron canadum) and silver pompano (Trachinotus blochii), both of which have seen strong demand in commercial fisheries.
Breakthrough at Visakhapatnam and Vizhinjam Centres
The hatchery seed production technology for the orange-spotted grouper, also called Hammour, was developed at the Visakhapatnam Regional Centre of ICAR-CMFRI. The orange-spotted grouper is a commercially significant carnivorous fish, prized for its flavor and market value in many parts of the world, particularly in Asia and the Middle East. The Visakhapatnam team has been working on refining this technology for the past several years, overcoming challenges related to the survival of larvae.
At the same time, the seed production technology for the pink ear emperor was developed at the Vizhinjam Research Centre of ICAR-CMFRI. The pink ear emperor, also highly valued in the international seafood market, adds diversity to India’s growing portfolio of mariculture species.
Overcoming Challenges in Seed Production
The achievement in producing the orange-spotted grouper seed is particularly notable given the initial challenges faced by scientists. The first success in seed production was achieved back in 2014, but the survival rate of the larvae was alarmingly low, making commercial viability difficult. However, after years of continuous research and experimentation, including manipulating water quality and fine-tuning feeding protocols, the institute achieved a breakthrough. This time, they reported a tenfold improvement, raising the larvae survival rate to 10%.
This increase in survival rate is significant because it boosts the potential for commercial production, making the technology more attractive for fish farmers. Higher survival rates directly translate into better profitability and reduced risks for hatchery operations, paving the way for more widespread adoption of these species in India’s mariculture industry.
Expanding Mariculture Capabilities
ICAR-CMFRI’s achievement comes at a critical time when the demand for sustainable and high-quality seafood is increasing globally. The ability to successfully produce the seeds of these high-value species not only strengthens India’s mariculture industry but also opens new avenues for export, contributing to the nation’s economy.
The institute’s efforts are part of a larger initiative to diversify the species available for aquaculture in India, moving beyond traditional freshwater species to marine species that command higher prices in global markets. This diversification is essential for meeting the growing demand for seafood, ensuring food security, and providing livelihood opportunities for coastal communities.
Future Prospects
With the successful development of seed production technology for orange-spotted grouper and pink ear emperor, India is poised to take a leading role in the international mariculture market. The technologies developed by ICAR-CMFRI will now be transferred to fish farmers and commercial hatcheries across the country, enabling large-scale production of these species.
The institute’s focus on improving survival rates and optimizing production techniques will also serve as a foundation for future innovations in mariculture. By continuing to invest in research and development, ICAR-CMFRI aims to enhance the sustainability and profitability of marine fish farming in India, contributing to the overall growth of the blue economy.
This milestone achievement is not just a testament to the hard work of ICAR-CMFRI’s scientists and technical staff, but also a step forward in revolutionizing India’s mariculture industry, offering immense potential for both domestic consumption and export to lucrative international markets.