Fishermen in Pulicat and Ennore are expressing concerns over the proliferation of an invasive mussel species known as “kakka aazhi,” which poses a significant threat to prawns in both water bodies. Believed to be a South American mussel species, it is spreading due to the discharge of ballast waters from ships visiting the ports of Kattupalli.
The invasive mussel, identified as Mytella strigata or Charru mussels by marine biologist Naveen Namboothri of Dakshin Foundation, is native to South America and has invaded tidal wetlands globally. This marks the first time this invasive species has been identified on the Eastern coast. Local fishermen report that the mussel forms a carpet-like spread over the riverbed, impeding prawns from grazing or burying themselves in the sediment. Its expansion is leading to the depletion of indigenous yellow clams (manja matti) and green mussels (pachai aazhi).
The issue was first noted around two decades ago by Ennore fishermen, and over time, the problem has escalated into a full-fledged infestation due to human interference, pollution, and natural factors. The construction of roads and conveyor bridges in the area facilitated the mussel’s proliferation. After Cyclone Vardah in December 2016, the mussel infestation intensified and expanded northward towards Pulicat waters.
The invasive species has now affected 11 out of 52 fishing sites (paadu), highlighting the urgency for intervention. The Save Ennore Creek Campaign and Ennore-Pulicat fishers have appealed to the State Wetland Authority and Fisheries Department for prompt action to safeguard fisheries and address the ecological harm caused by the invasive mussel. The disconnect between scientists, regulators, and local communities is emphasized as a factor delaying action despite early warnings from the affected communities.
